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Explanations of this acknowledgement generally make reference
to cognitive psychology by denouncing a cognitive overload due
to the excess of information arriving at the same time and the incapacity
to manage this flow of information. In other words, the load of
information makes it difficult to store it in working memory (short-term
memory) and to structure information in order to create a mental
model. Indeed, animation imposes three types of load of treatment
: perceptive load (several movements at the same time),
conceptual load (construction of the model of the system)
and charge mnemic (to retain the former states which disappeared).
Without wanted to contradict this interpretation of the results,
I want to highlight another factor. More precisely, my research
aims to check the influence of two factors :
- the continuity of flow (= interactivity of animation)
- and the permanence of former states.
My assumption is that animation is not effective because learning
does not have a referent any more, since a state (frame) of the
explained process supplants the preceding one and so on. The non-permanence
of the former states would not allow to compare the stages between
them and this strategy is useful for the comprehension of a system
causes for purpose. Thus, the permanence of the former states of
animation would facilitate the construction of the subjacent conceptual
model.
I called this system allowing to preserve the former states of an
animation, " the images' producer " (© Pierre Dillenbourg).
The effect of " images' producer " (possibility of keeping
on the screen the images reflecting the great stages of the conceptual
model), or permanence of the former states, makes it possible to
reduce the mnemic load and to be able to build the mental model
of the phenomenon explained by comparing each stages of the system
between them.
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